The History Of the Movement: During the 1950s and 1960s, increasing numbers of married women entered the labor force, but in 1963 the average working woman earned only 63 percent of what a man made. That same year author Betty Friedan published a book titled The Feminine Mystique , an explosive critique of middle-class patterns that helped millions of women create a sense of discontent. Arguing that women often had no outlets for expression other than "finding a husband and bearing children," Friedan encouraged readers to seek new roles and responsibilities, and also to seek their own personal and professional identities rather than have them defined by the outside, male-dominated society.
The Movement starts: The women's movement of the 1960s and 1970s drew inspiration from the civil rights movement. It was made up mainly of members of the middle class, and thus partook of the spirit of rebellion that affected large segments of middle-class youth in the 1960s. Another factor linked to the emergence of the movement was the sexual revolution of the 1960s, which in turn was sparked by the development and marketing of the birth-control pill.
The Equal Rights Amendment: Reform legislation also prompted change. During a debate on the 1964 Civil Rights bill, conservatives hoped to defeat the entire measure by proposing an amendment to outlaw discrimination on the basis of gender as well as race. Thus the invention of the ERA. Some activists pressed for ratification of an Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) to the Constitution. This amendment declared that, "Equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex." Over the next several years, 35 of the necessary 38 states ratified it. The women's movement then stagnated. The cause was, along with the wait for the other states ratification of the amendment, the movement failed to broaden its appeal beyond the middle class. Divisions also arose between moderate and radical feminists. Conservative opponents mounted a campaign against the Equal Rights Amendment, and it died in 1982 without ever gaining the approval of the 38 states needed for ratification.
NOW:
Women themselves took measures to improve their status. In 1966, 28 professional women, including Betty Friedan, established the National Organization for Women (NOW). Their idea was; "to take action to bring American women into full participation in the mainstream of American society now." By 1967, 1,000 women had joined and four years later membership reached 15,000 active participants. NOW and similar organizations helped make women increasingly aware of their limited opportunities and strengthened their resolve to increase them. NOW still exists today and continues to help women gain a fair opportunity in the workplace and society. From this and other organizations the idea of Feminism grew. FEMINISM Feminism is the idea of women being just as important as men. Some major women involved in this part of the women's movement were: Betty Friedan, Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B Anthony along with many others. These women helped expand the idea of equality for women (compared to men). Many Feminists held rallies or protests to publicly show how they themselves care about their disposition being women.
Roe v. Wade Roe v. Wade was a court case that focused mainly on abortion but had a widespread effect on the women's movement. "Jane Roe" (an alias used for Norma McCorvey, on whose behalf the suit was originally filed) alleged that the abortion law in Texas violated her constitutional rights and the rights of other women.. The defendant was the district attorney of Dallas County, Texas, Henry B. Wade. Roe v. Wade was decided primarily on the Ninth Amendment to the US Constitution, a part of the Bill of Rights. The Court's decision on this case was that the Ninth Amendment, stated "the enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people," and that this protected a person's right to privacy. The Roe v. Wade decision held that a woman, with her doctor, could choose abortion in earlier months of pregnancy without restriction, and with restrictions in later months, all based on the right to privacy.This Supreme Court decision was a historical event in history. This is so by the Supreme Court overturning a Texas interpretation of abortion law and then making abortion legal in the United States.
Here's a women's perfume commercial in the early 80's!
The Women's Liberation Movement
The History Of the Movement: During the 1950s and 1960s, increasing numbers of married women entered the labor force, but in 1963 the average working woman earned only 63 percent of what a man made. That same year author Betty Friedan published a book titled The Feminine Mystique , an explosive critique of middle-class patterns that helped millions of women create a sense of discontent. Arguing that women often had no outlets for expression other than "finding a husband and bearing children," Friedan encouraged readers to seek new roles and responsibilities, and also to seek their own personal and professional identities rather than have them defined by the outside, male-dominated society.
The Movement starts: The women's movement of the 1960s and 1970s drew inspiration from the civil rights movement. It was made up mainly of members of the middle class, and thus partook of the spirit of rebellion that affected large segments of middle-class youth in the 1960s. Another factor linked to the emergence of the movement was the sexual revolution of the 1960s, which in turn was sparked by the development and marketing of the birth-control pill.
The Equal Rights Amendment: Reform legislation also prompted change. During a debate on the 1964 Civil Rights bill, conservatives hoped to defeat the entire measure by proposing an amendment to outlaw discrimination on the basis of gender as well as race. Thus the invention of the ERA. Some activists pressed for ratification of an Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) to the Constitution. This amendment declared that, "Equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex." Over the next several years, 35 of the necessary 38 states ratified it. The women's movement then stagnated. The cause was, along with the wait for the other states ratification of the amendment, the movement failed to broaden its appeal beyond the middle class. Divisions also arose between moderate and radical feminists. Conservative opponents mounted a campaign against the Equal Rights Amendment, and it died in 1982 without ever gaining the approval of the 38 states needed for ratification.
NOW:
Women themselves took measures to improve their status. In 1966, 28 professional women, including Betty Friedan, established the National Organization for Women (NOW). Their idea was; "to take action to bring American women into full participation in the mainstream of American society now." By 1967, 1,000 women had joined and four years later membership reached 15,000 active participants. NOW and similar organizations helped make women increasingly aware of their limited opportunities and strengthened their resolve to increase them. NOW still exists today and continues to help women gain a fair opportunity in the workplace and society. From this and other organizations the idea of Feminism grew.FEMINISM Feminism is the idea of women being just as important as men. Some major women involved in this part of the women's movement were: Betty Friedan, Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B Anthony along with many others. These women helped expand the idea of equality for women (compared to men). Many Feminists held rallies or protests to publicly show how they themselves care about their disposition being women.
Roe v. Wade Roe v. Wade was a court case that focused mainly on abortion but had a widespread effect on the women's movement. "Jane Roe" (an alias used for Norma McCorvey, on whose behalf the suit was originally filed) alleged that the abortion law in Texas violated her constitutional rights and the rights of other women.. The defendant was the district attorney of Dallas County, Texas, Henry B. Wade. Roe v. Wade was decided primarily on the Ninth Amendment to the US Constitution, a part of the Bill of Rights. The Court's decision on this case was that the Ninth Amendment, stated "the enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people," and that this protected a person's right to privacy. The Roe v. Wade decision held that a woman, with her doctor, could choose abortion in earlier months of pregnancy without restriction, and with restrictions in later months, all based on the right to privacy.This Supreme Court decision was a historical event in history. This is so by the Supreme Court overturning a Texas interpretation of abortion law and then making abortion legal in the United States.
Here's a women's perfume commercial in the early 80's!Works Cited:
http://www.infoplease.com/spot/womensintro1.html
http://www.legacy98.org/move-hist.html
http://www.now.org/history/
http://historytogo.utah.gov/utah_chapters/utah_today/equalrightsamendment.html
http://womenshistory.about.com/od/abortionuslegal/p/roe_v_wade.htm
http://www.wic.org/misc/history.htm
http://www.negotiationlawblog.com/uploads/image/SecondWave.jpg
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/We_Can_Do_It!.jpg/250px-We_Can_Do_It!.jpg
http://video.google.com/videosearch?q=woman by enjoli perfume&sourceid=
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